This volume provides an overview of important work done by Professor Freeman of the University of Berkeley at California, USA. Collecting together his published works over the last 50 years, it charts his ground-breaking research into perception and other cognitive operations in animals and humans and looks at how this can now be applied to computer hardware to provide the foundations for novel - and greatly improved - machine intelligence. It provides a step-by-step description of the concepts and data needed by electrical engineers, computer scientists and cognitivists to understand and emulate pattern recognition in biological systems at a level of competence which has not yet been matched by any form of Artificial Intelligence. It offers a unique blend of theory and experiment, with each experiment described both as it was done and in hindsight, and explains how the results helped to develop the theory for the next stage of exploration.
This volume will be invaluable reading for researchers, practitioners and advanced students in artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computational neuroscience, pattern recognition, and electrical engineering. It will also be of interest to anyone active in the fields of neurophysiology and psychology.
Part I: The Dynamics of Neural Interaction and Transmission
1. Spatial Mapping of Evoked Brain Potentials and EEGs to Define Population State Variables
2. Linear Models of Impulse Inputs and Linear Basis Functions for Measuring Impulse Responses
3. Rational Approximations in the Complex Plane for Laplace Transforms of Transcendental Linear Operators
4. Root Locus Analysis of Piece-Wise Linearized Models with Multiple Feedback Loops and Unilateral or Bilateral Saturation
5. Opening Feedback Loops with Surgery and Anesthesia; Closing Loops with Noise
6. Three Degrees of Freedom in Neural Populations: Arousal, Learning and Bistability
7. Analog Computation to Model Responses Based on Linear Integration, Modifiable Synapses, and Nonlinear Trigger Zones
8. Stability Analysis to Derive and Regulate Homeostatic Set Points for Negative Feedback Loops
Part II: Designation of Contents as Meaning, not Information
9. Multichannel Recording to Reveal the "Code" of the Cortex: Spatial Patterns of Amplitude Modulation (AM) of Mesoscopic Carrier Waves
10. Relations Between Microscopic and Mesoscopic Levels Shown by Calculating Pulse Probability Conditional on EEG Amplitude, Giving the Asymmetric Sigmoid Function
11. The Use of Euclidean Distance in 64-Space and Behavioral Correlates to Optimize Filters for Gamma AM Pattern Classification
12. Simulating Gamma Wave Forms, AM Patterns and 1/fa Spectra by Means of Mesoscopic Chaotic Neurodynamics
13. Tuning Curves to Optimize Temporal Segmentation and Parameter Evaluation of Adaptive Filters for Neocortical EEG
14. Stochastic Differential Equations and Random Number Generators Minimize Numerical Instabilities in Digital Simulations
Glossary of Terms used with Special Meanings
activity density function - a spatiotemporal pattern of numbers that models an evolving spatial pattern of Neuroactivity
awareness - update of intentional structure, back-dated about a half second after a self makes a decision to act
bifurcation - an abrupt change in the function of a brain part with a chemical or structural change in its connections
causality - quale of the process of observation in cyclic action-reafference-perception; a basis of intentional action
consciousness - the social attribution of awareness by humans to other humans, animals, objects, and imagined spirits
conversion - dissolution of intentional structure by endogenous neurochemicals, followed by learning new patterns of actions and beliefs; also pejoratively called brainwashing Eureka reaction - the feeling of insight; based in neuromodulator action having no relation to truth; antidote: skepticism
forcing function - cortical input preceding and inducing state transitions
intentionality - the process of a brain in action having the properties of unity, wholeness, and "stretching forth"; a combination of action, perception, and learning; this definition is based on the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, not on the reduced form of Franz Brentano, now widely used by Anglo-American analytic philosophers.
intentional structure - synaptic web of neuropil in a forebrain, modified by learning and unlearning; actualizing behavior
intent - stretching forth; reduced by psychologists through metonymy to "purpose".
itinerancy - a form of change in which a sequence of brain states returns sufficiently close to earlier states that they are classed together, though they differ in detail
meaning - the location of a focus of intentional relations; a part of a trajectory traced by chaotic dynamics in a brain
mind - the structure of behavior, unfolding as experience
neural activity - chemical events comprising Neuroactivity
Neuroactivity - what neurons do; in models, state variable Q
neuromodulator - an endogenous brain chemical that changes the strength of synaptic action of neurons onto other neurons
neurotransmitter - an endogenous brain chemical that carries the synaptic action of neurons onto other neurons
neuropil - tissue formed by branched threads of neurons, densely intertwined, allowing each cell to contact many others
reafference - process of relaying messages from limbic system via entorhinal cortex to sensory cortices, in parallel with limbic commands to motor systems, serving (1) to compensate in advance for changes in sensory input accompanying actions, and (2) to sustain states of expectancy and attention
representations - intentional gestures, words, numbers, and constructed objects that elicit meaning in the process of communication, but which themselves have no meaning
solipsism - theory that a self knows only its own constructs
state transition - abrupt change in activity pattern in a brain that follows sensory stimuli or neuromodulator inputs
state variable - a representation by a symbol, Q, in a dynamical equation for Neuroactivity in a brain part during behavior
thought - a process by which Neuroactivity constructs meaning, modifies intentional structure, and makes representations for purposes of communication among humans and animals
transmarginal inhibition - a state of behavioral collapse induced by physical and emotional stress prior to conversion
unlearning - meltdown of intentional structure by stress
unity - state of integration by which a self distinguishes itself from non-self; found in bacteria, immune systems, neurons, brains, bonded pairs, tribes, and nations
wholeness - a process in which a self actualizes by stages its mature form, and dies; found in brains and healing bodies
wisdom - the apogee of wholeness in intentionality
Due March 2000 408 pages Softcover ISBN: 1-85233-616-1 £55.00
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